The Demographic Development of Lithuania (2)

Tema	Geografija
Tipas	Referatas
Aprašymas	Darbas anglų kalba. Demografinė situacija Lietuvoje. Introduction. Population by sex and age. Population by ethnic groups. Births in Lithuania. Abortions. Mortality. Divorces and marriages. Divorces. Marriages. "Ageing" marriages. Lithuanian migration. Religion communities. Conclusions. Used literature.
Patalpinta	2008-03-22
Parsisiuntė	79
	Parsisiųsti12 KB

Išsamus aprašymas

Introduction
Enduring several border changes, Soviet deportations, a massacre of its Jewish population, and German and Polish repatriations during and after World War II, Lithuania has maintained a fairly stable percentage of ethnic Lithuanians (from 79.3% in 1959 to 83.5% in 2002). Lithuania's citizenship law and the Constitution meet international and OSCE standards, guaranteeing universal human and civil rights.
In Lithuania like in other East and Central European countries, the demographic development during the last 10 years has been highly specific. During the last 10 years (1997-2007) Lithuania has lost 7.5% of its population. During every of these years, the number of emigrants exceeded the number immigrating and the number of deaths exceeded the births. At the start of year 2004, Lithuania’s population numbered 3,445,900. The population losses are only partially offset by immigrants, principally from Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.
In 1992 – 1998, population of Lithuania dropped by 45 000 reaching 3 702 000 in early 1999. During this period emigration was responsible for the decrease by 40 700 people.
The average of people per 1 square kilometer is 51.8 (2007). The highest population per 1 square km. is in centre of republic – it reaches 50 or more. Also in West and in Vilnius municipality same situation. In East population reaches less or more than 20 people.
Population by sex and age
Since the early 1990s, the new trends of all demographic processes – fertility, mortality, and migration – have significantly altered the age structure of the population. Since 1992, the proportion of elderly people has been clearly on the rise. During 1992–1999, the share of population aged 65 and over increased from 11.3% to 13.4%, while the share of children aged 0–14 dropped from 22.6% to 19.8%. The 15–64 age group experienced minor changes over the period, and in 1999, comprised 67%
Due to the country’s swift industrialization and urbanization, the demographic transition had been proceeding at a high speed culminating in its final stage, and had resulted in a rapid population ageing.
From the table we can see that in 2006 were more people than in 2007. It depends of people emigration and less immigration. Also we can see that always it was more females than males. In total, males - ~158 0000 females - ~180 0000.
Population by ethnic groups
During the Soviet period Lithuania, in contrast to the neighboring Baltic countries, preserved its ethnic homogeneity. According to 1989 census data, shortly before the regaining of independence, Lithuanians constituted 79.6%, Russians 9.4% and Poles 7.0% of the population. The emigration of Slavic population, notably Russians, to the East, of the Jewish population to the West, and return of Lithuanians from the former USSR in the early 1990s have further increased the share of ethnic Lithuanians, who accounted for 81.6% of the total population at the beginning of 1997.
Among the Baltic States, Lithuania has the most homogeneous population. According to the census conducted in 2001, 83.45% of the population identified themselves as Lithuanians, 6.74% as Poles, 6.31% as Russians, 1.23% as Belarusian's, and 2.27% as members of other ethnic groups. Such a high percentage of ethnic Lithuanians might be influenced by the fact that in the early 1990s, the newly established government of Lithuania decided to grant citizenship to anyone who lived in Lithuania and who wished to have Lithuanian citizenship. Thus a number of people might have been assimilated

Raktiniai žodžiai

• demographic transition lithuania
• demografic development lithuania
• immigration law about marriage lithuania